Navigating the Dark: Advancements in Robotic Night Patrol for Enhanced Safety

The current night surveillance robots are associated with extreme deployment cost, restricted real-time integration with clouds, and directional audio reaction during the low-light settings. In order to overcome these constraints, this paper provides the architectural design and experimental justification of a cost-effective night patrol robot that can respond to sound as a directional movement and transmit videos in real-time. Its components combine a Raspberry Pi 3B+, two sound sensing functions that operated at a fixed calibration of 450 mV, IR-based obstacle sensing (230 cm), and an Arducam night-vision that used infrared LEDs to work in the complete darkness. A servo motor is used to allow 180degree rotation of the camera to track acoustic events in a directional fashion. The experimental assessment of 20 controlled trials indicates the 92% strong direction detection, 88% success in obstacle avoidance rate, and the mean latency of cloud transmission of 2.3 seconds in 4G connection. Its overall system cost is less than 6,500 which is a viable low cost, scalable approach to perimeter security in low resource settings. The suggested framework has shown the successful combinatoria approach to the combination of acoustic localization, obstacle intelligence, and IoT-driven surveillance within one small robotic system.